{"id":"W2160212539","doi":"10.1093/restud/rdt025","title":"A Major in Science? Initial Beliefs and Final Outcomes for College Major and Dropout","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Review of Economic Studies","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":320,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Dropout (neural networks); Library science; History; Sociology; Psychology; Economic history; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002213657,0.00008965796,0.0004217416,0.00007946541,0.0006130282,0.00002982496,0.00021961,0.00001464454,0.00007341328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00149416,0.00005669429,0.00003921015,0.0001391797,0.002469648,0.0001800736,0.0001870017,0.00004804331,0.00001792379],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000117673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002644871,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00100375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001351978,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990351,0.0001004965,0.0003065719,0.0001837445,0.0001160502,0.0002580317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985288,0.001043877,0.000114064,0.000121407,0.0001402207,0.00005157775],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003636201,0.000224689,0.2998186,0.01161753,0.0009553411,0.000001592239,0.1084971,4.8703e-7,0.00003865772,0.4180114,0.1160351,0.04476312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002790814,0.0003294215,0.6698204,0.005192738,0.0002364947,0.000004223322,0.1118657,0.00002759666,0.00006034411,0.06266147,0.1462529,0.0007579314],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6537006,0.2417242,6.073544e-7,0.09532923,0.0003276631,0.002992804,0.00003986369,0.00001238827,0.005872701],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7223239,0.2731845,0.0003868651,0.0008858449,0.0001635966,0.0009739783,4.565726e-7,0.000007733185,0.002073131],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3700017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.909952,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08766813219340747,"score_gpt":0.4580979472244665,"score_spread":0.370429815031059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}