{"id":"W2161016869","doi":"10.1377/hlthaff.2014.0658","title":"Compulsory Licensing Often Did Not Produce Lower Prices For Antiretrovirals Compared To International Procurement","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Health Affairs","topic":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Population and Public Health","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Procurement; License; Business; Developing country; Quality (philosophy); Work (physics); Public economics; International economics; Economics; Economic growth; Marketing; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007201475,0.0002259711,0.0004628566,0.002383621,0.0007810225,0.002790181,0.0006099374,0.0004949711,0.006592619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04101795,0.0002167932,0.0007951932,0.004747741,0.001273882,0.001818192,0.001482645,0.0008897277,0.0003268107],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002082447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001155711,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007606664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007802005,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9931339,0.002789192,0.0008770206,0.000894317,0.001547684,0.0007578253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9275522,0.04708402,0.01652318,0.004881572,0.003395984,0.0005629738],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004692634,0.0001692068,0.9173878,0.0005123364,0.0003563974,0.001313751,0.001174341,0.003752836,0.0006889225,0.01928988,0.00161537,0.05326994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001319955,0.0007649561,0.9203098,0.000477218,0.0005978152,0.0060589,0.008689592,0.00912105,0.007953124,0.01464415,0.03116199,0.00008942142],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9804267,0.0008490615,0.003144753,0.0004801317,0.0000248353,0.0001357117,0.001410355,0.00001883214,0.01350975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978741,0.0002001408,0.0005767879,0.00007179031,0.00001204402,0.00002828965,0.0005709824,0.000007073904,0.0006587561],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007606664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03808552,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1985946618427264,"score_gpt":0.3683558005101759,"score_spread":0.1697611386674495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}