{"id":"W2161200651","doi":"10.1146/annurev.energy.29.062403.102238","title":"ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE AND SECURITY","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Environment and Resources","topic":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","field":"Energy","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Critical infrastructure; Guard (computer science); Resilience (materials science); Computer security; Energy supply; Safeguarding; Energy security; Business; Workaround; Environmental economics; Decentralization; Risk analysis (engineering); Computer science; Renewable energy; Engineering; Energy (signal processing); Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005010978,0.0005702086,0.0003325694,0.000970373,0.0008855787,0.003700807,0.0005052333,0.001558946,0.02396861],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000889957,0.0001820982,0.0003461195,0.001231436,0.002715896,0.003689339,0.001782705,0.001792036,0.003427761],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002110757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002030659,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002715468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002279282,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994728,0.0001467806,0.00003100305,0.00008214368,0.000167748,0.00009950482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996014,0.0001307643,0.0000623739,0.00003385923,0.0001279748,0.00004369509],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001737958,0.00001694079,0.000405596,0.00114676,0.00002400313,0.0001803902,0.0004515797,0.0009188394,0.0005969552,0.8265188,0.07080257,0.09892014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000185774,0.0000159159,0.0003758128,0.001071614,0.000006342366,0.0001547183,0.0004148954,0.00009783501,0.0002047539,0.08553981,0.9121089,0.000007515946],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.007427868,0.3945217,0.006682802,0.06210833,0.006297421,0.00007460236,0.0004861374,0.0001416481,0.5222594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2470416,0.5814213,0.004207913,0.0156612,0.004167179,0.0001340575,0.0007634547,0.00007261661,0.1465307],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02396861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08018297,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003425467269941607,"score_gpt":0.2236209977124896,"score_spread":0.2201955304425479,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}