{"id":"W2161219505","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2012.10.017","title":"A review of the beneficiation of rare earth element bearing minerals","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Minerals Engineering","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":890,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Beneficiation; Rare-earth element; Monazite; Rare earth; Gravity separation; Lanthanide; Yttrium; Mineral processing; Metallurgy; Materials science; Mineralogy; Geochemistry; Geology; Chemistry; Zircon","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003849027,0.0008027825,0.001232549,0.002444586,0.0002358744,0.0007154352,0.0006027604,0.0007077829,0.002559635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004418117,0.0002846376,0.0004921115,0.002557705,0.0002250043,0.001087974,0.0004599316,0.0005966506,0.000899311],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003082743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006769552,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008350565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002091991,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998288,0.00001832986,0.00003143179,0.00003308664,0.00007414445,0.00001414953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997613,0.0001031292,0.00005425487,0.000006636674,0.00006360943,0.00001114068],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008155291,0.00009966813,0.000338941,0.04469892,0.0001278568,0.0002641483,0.00006483625,0.0004852835,0.01032549,0.002546469,0.01600984,0.924957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001251106,0.0001946978,0.001867664,0.003855004,0.0002225475,0.001941105,0.0001049426,0.0001780101,0.004555861,0.001352263,0.9856808,0.00003461365],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007514196,0.9971023,0.0003086868,0.0001155512,0.0001389983,0.000006533143,0.00005554506,0.000006949012,0.001513946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002157291,0.9960341,0.000425242,0.0001067448,0.00009781363,0.000004802271,0.00005647614,0.000001758445,0.001115877],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002559635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008562803,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03965377761556202,"score_gpt":0.2840317704816946,"score_spread":0.2443779928661326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}