{"id":"W2161220067","doi":"10.1177/0013164404272499","title":"Can Percentiles Replace Raw Scores in the Statistical Analysis of Test Data?","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Educational and Psychological Measurement","topic":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Percentile; Raw score; Statistics; Nonparametric statistics; Percentile rank; Statistical power; Raw data; Mathematics; Statistical hypothesis testing; Test (biology); Statistical analysis; Econometrics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.1876715,0.003757321,0.006288129,0.01068495,0.001775502,0.009201833,0.007297975,0.003963209,0.00561705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.6883726,0.002632931,0.002989228,0.01857471,0.0129931,0.02593541,0.008078875,0.01339797,0.004341407],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002100385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0032004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003460933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003360061,"domain_scores_codex":[0.7165908,0.2161989,0.01668959,0.01245483,0.03596517,0.002100654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.3593826,0.4875253,0.03696299,0.09217679,0.02139516,0.002557194],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00109671,0.0002344229,0.0535762,0.002534703,0.001934275,0.0004930436,0.004381908,0.007497372,0.001451885,0.1378677,0.05314494,0.7357867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004520906,0.002859173,0.06545676,0.004174216,0.0009795666,0.002489272,0.004003088,0.0594327,0.006216409,0.6687022,0.1839835,0.001251066],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02187643,0.01203671,0.932255,0.009735646,0.009121055,0.0004263701,0.001558182,0.004347015,0.008643444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2994039,0.007844217,0.6719409,0.005406863,0.006311821,0.001899003,0.00173369,0.002812029,0.002647593],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8123285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9925134,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4758787201349256,"score_gpt":0.5112399896517614,"score_spread":0.03536126951683582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}