{"id":"W2161825528","doi":"10.1145/1869542.1869569","title":"Understanding abstraction","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Teaching and Learning Programming","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Premise; Abstraction; Computer science; Formative assessment; Point (geometry); Field (mathematics); Simple (philosophy); Programming language; Work (physics); Mathematics education; Human–computer interaction; Psychology; Epistemology; Engineering; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002203271,0.00003023076,0.00002408148,0.00003373417,0.0001177127,0.0001533602,0.0001723007,0.00002563801,0.00002706477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002478966,0.00002595655,0.00001568189,0.00006845526,0.000008904437,0.0002189908,0.00002657198,0.0002592035,0.00006821425],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001111488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008844243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002938527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002103579,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996801,0.000009095274,0.00004293301,0.0001023215,0.00007143886,0.00009413525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997579,0.00003472852,0.00001762596,0.000152643,0.000005460437,0.0000316803],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[2.956111e-7,0.00001268008,0.0008896585,0.000001228808,0.000002177835,0.000002137165,0.0003881036,0.00003032705,0.002922636,0.7977782,0.0003982261,0.1975743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000450637,0.0001010462,0.02760936,0.00001230844,0.000005051188,0.0001558715,0.000544695,0.05112195,0.001882498,0.0236704,0.8939025,0.0005436809],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01219619,0.000001067029,0.9696227,0.0008076222,0.0005861369,0.00001468847,8.188866e-9,0.0004369392,0.01633465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8426681,1.190838e-7,0.1567177,0.00004389602,0.00003848428,5.910969e-7,1.175875e-7,0.00000174551,0.0005291931],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8935043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1478856,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09652834315364808,"score_gpt":0.2782873341028589,"score_spread":0.1817589909492109,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}