{"id":"W2161859990","doi":"10.3138/cpp.34.2.193","title":"Immigration Wave Effects on Canada's Trade Flows","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Public Policy","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Gravity model of trade; Demographic economics; Economics; International economics; International trade; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001733842,0.00046011,0.0005396856,0.001471737,0.001265528,0.00190448,0.0009448373,0.0005074544,0.006136085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005621236,0.0002767293,0.001580294,0.002184242,0.0007577495,0.0005520102,0.001124128,0.001151955,0.0003382981],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01265138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01924238,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9855765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9722247,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991972,0.0001340348,0.00003059772,0.0001107086,0.0001773968,0.0003500823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975286,0.0007430792,0.0005489672,0.000149467,0.0007131486,0.0003167645],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003439866,0.00009689702,0.8886313,0.00004927042,0.0003339119,0.0004272558,0.0007219107,0.0701172,0.0003580347,0.0134146,0.005986653,0.01951894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000149042,0.0001378618,0.8356086,0.00008557679,0.0004877527,0.0001208916,0.001430493,0.1486478,0.0006335769,0.002495895,0.01012919,0.00007334493],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9833452,0.0004681576,0.00191905,0.001702212,0.00004026114,0.00005964613,0.004630076,0.0001347585,0.007700619],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887788,0.0004401859,0.0009475555,0.0001156353,0.00001440447,0.00001932963,0.002241563,0.00001795795,0.00742459],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01442355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09179264,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04297033723368781,"score_gpt":0.1790585528442884,"score_spread":0.1360882156106006,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}