{"id":"W2162128059","doi":"10.1513/annalsats.201404-174oc","title":"Effects of Tiotropium on Hyperinflation and Treadmill Exercise Tolerance in Mild to Moderate Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of the American Thoracic Society","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Kingston General Hospital; Queen's University; Université Laval; Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; COPD; Tiotropium bromide; Placebo; Dynamic hyperinflation; Internal medicine; Cardiology; Bronchodilator; Clinical endpoint; Crossover study; Obstructive lung disease; Hyperinflation; Anesthesia; Physical therapy; Lung volumes; Randomized controlled trial; Lung; Lung function; Asthma","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008494019,0.0005206843,0.0009967434,0.000174792,0.0001901419,0.0002394436,0.0002394769,0.0005721797,0.00123598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001171392,0.0002023201,0.0005635996,0.0001203769,0.0004796496,0.0001942683,0.0001650399,0.0007182029,0.0001621594],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001684281,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002585474,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002326729,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005788052,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997274,0.0001546022,0.00002631559,0.00002379452,0.00003329373,0.00003455518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999337,0.0003045648,0.0001566677,0.0000287065,0.000028208,0.0001448576],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"randomized_trial","study_design_gemma":"nonrandomized_trial","study_design_scores_codex":[0.6095635,0.02867303,0.02914739,0.002532491,0.001051614,0.000397077,0.0003424725,0.001028873,0.1899881,0.00009824686,0.000673883,0.1365033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.09747019,0.7671805,0.1231798,0.00008519589,0.0005235117,0.0003540832,0.00006585438,0.0006042172,0.009660007,0.00006578539,0.0007888156,0.0000219866],"study_design_candidate":"nonrandomized_trial","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996978,0.002326674,0.00008193996,0.00007431873,0.00002794503,0.0001580061,0.00003617805,0.00000822099,0.0003086716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983464,0.0009166147,0.0002000019,0.00009993179,0.0000629762,0.0001159132,0.00005880964,0.000001578101,0.0001977114],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00123598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004492104,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02912867301970752,"score_gpt":0.3466549205041536,"score_spread":0.3175262474844461,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}