{"id":"W2162197220","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21931.x","title":"A fundamental problem in our understanding of low-mass galaxy evolution","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":152,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Naval Observatory; Case Western Reserve University; National Science Foundation; Fermilab; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Pittsburgh; University of Cambridge; New Mexico State University; University of Portsmouth; Universität Basel; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Princeton University; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; University of Washington; Johns Hopkins University; Ohio State University; Durham University; Drexel University; Eli Lilly and Company; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Virgo Consortium","keywords":"Galaxy; Galaxy formation and evolution; Star formation; Stellar mass; Halo; Dark matter; Accretion (finance)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003507251,0.0001709624,0.0002671086,0.00003356129,0.0001381859,0.00002600491,0.0002864161,0.0000593359,0.00007090325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004549544,0.000147184,0.0003264228,0.0001519953,0.0001351771,0.0003411523,0.0001416057,0.0001986956,0.000009389796],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008004271,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007478683,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001091836,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003015208,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986169,0.00007218814,0.0005048575,0.0001571044,0.0002207781,0.0004281385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992068,0.00003912286,0.0004138325,0.0002209497,0.00003241624,0.00008681364],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001888807,0.0001869386,0.8820168,0.00003944414,0.00006979507,1.864311e-10,0.001308186,0.1142809,0.00005998924,0.001825838,0.0001840985,0.000009206106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005870249,0.00002684018,0.9092319,0.00005115635,0.00003290469,2.282174e-9,0.006825657,0.0824628,0.0001919689,0.0004566221,0.000009365567,0.0001237505],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983509,0.00004185988,0.0005489663,0.0001267503,0.0001719372,0.0003028731,0.00004989779,0.00001226892,0.0003946126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970011,3.051256e-8,0.002691997,7.834846e-7,0.0001698311,0.00001801283,0.00001739089,0.00001560874,0.00008521488],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03181807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6001989,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01138174046665075,"score_gpt":0.2086056506589281,"score_spread":0.1972239101922773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}