{"id":"W2162621208","doi":"10.1017/s0922156512000052","title":"Shades of Grey: Soft Law and the Validity of Public International Law","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Leiden Journal of International Law","topic":"International Law and Human Rights","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Soft law; Law; Public law; Private law; Municipal law; Philosophy of law; Comparative law; Legitimacy; Political science; Legal profession; Civil law (Civil law); International law; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002908121,0.0001225234,0.000285245,0.0001140855,0.0002649405,0.0001572842,0.0009875504,0.00008504665,0.0008482491],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003549321,0.00008350667,0.0002379325,0.00005097982,0.001807982,0.001530293,0.0001211827,0.0002448456,0.000009143988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001129973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001022101,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001643911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002609646,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972513,0.0003051919,0.0007590845,0.0001049615,0.001362188,0.0002172456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965583,0.0006686195,0.0009304088,0.0001086419,0.001600184,0.0001338537],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000096795,0.0001312367,0.005023243,0.00000691272,0.0002568742,0.000003051993,0.001766898,0.000005044647,0.0000944792,0.9923736,0.0001520355,0.00008981641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002003422,0.00009365248,0.005696343,0.000158297,0.00008234558,0.00009705046,0.0004894006,0.00004771948,0.002080508,0.7467175,0.2423383,0.0001954705],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3252075,0.000387719,0.0005911285,0.01252049,0.004099376,0.0001924308,0.00007097697,0.00001502869,0.6569154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944486,0.00006563442,0.0004720132,0.0009000745,0.001647062,0.000002899964,0.000006840386,0.00001034183,0.002446526],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6692411,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9287733,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05135836124611981,"score_gpt":0.3225692681493338,"score_spread":0.271210906903214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}