{"id":"W2162740085","doi":"10.1017/s1537592706550273","title":"The Presidentialization of Politics: A Comparative Study of Modern Democracies","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Perspectives on Politics","topic":"Political and Economic history of UK and US","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":170,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Presidential system; Political science; Politics; Context (archaeology); Power (physics); Autonomy; Separation of powers; Law; History","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001898355,0.00008201216,0.0001910581,0.00005923164,0.0006337798,0.00002519558,0.0001808273,0.0000380333,0.00002549055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010807,0.00006640309,0.00006317889,0.00007126694,0.0008517256,0.00007523236,0.00002011255,0.00006187698,0.000006463934],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001208122,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009331859,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001955675,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988975,0.0001706866,0.0002752218,0.0001392507,0.0002238743,0.0002934856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991613,0.0003098478,0.0001294652,0.0001522665,0.000181409,0.00006568765],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008793652,0.0004203678,0.001196274,0.000004439872,0.00002494203,2.690549e-7,0.1073944,0.0001236165,0.0000131756,0.8904904,0.0003010123,0.0000223866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005534623,0.0004070006,0.02393023,0.00001671765,0.00006101423,3.682094e-7,0.4731708,0.0004297939,0.0003939348,0.4943851,0.006473748,0.0001778968],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8429938,0.0003797832,0.00008750358,0.0002728939,0.00009957736,0.0001945115,0.0000223205,0.00001698285,0.1559326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949403,0.00002634332,0.00001986423,0.00001502726,0.000229955,0.00000645654,0.00000101607,0.000004981589,0.004756032],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3961053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9972651,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03120261427085809,"score_gpt":0.3199043054016276,"score_spread":0.2887016911307695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}