{"id":"W2163890277","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/10/4/044010","title":"Polar amplification and elevation-dependence in trends of Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent, 1971–2014","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Letters","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Northern Hemisphere; Snowmelt; Elevation (ballistics); Snow; Precipitation; Climatology; Latitude; Environmental science; Albedo (alchemy); Snow cover; Climate change; Snow line; Atmospheric sciences; Physical geography; Geology; Geography; Meteorology; Oceanography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003256444,0.0001913508,0.000157264,0.0008462705,0.000217915,0.0005259584,0.0001330814,0.0001354961,0.001822247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008173267,0.0001107825,0.0002937585,0.001133134,0.0002301729,0.0002906611,0.0004771647,0.0002336361,0.0003961005],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003641517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003464567,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0196482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03720962,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998754,0.00001365473,0.00001153118,0.00004315063,0.00002706878,0.00002914235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994755,0.00006360945,0.0002027029,0.000034525,0.0001614577,0.00006224715],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002278659,0.00001775643,0.9843375,0.0000930688,0.0001561827,0.0001246826,0.0005963277,0.0008415891,0.002695539,0.0001976724,0.001482337,0.009229409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001064621,0.000007076938,0.9988812,0.000005186954,0.000007843272,0.00002015765,0.00008044741,0.0001376196,0.0001187747,0.00001045871,0.0007287776,0.000001398975],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917178,0.000412821,0.0001832347,0.00009742255,0.00002885765,0.000006788563,0.004029233,0.00002822952,0.003495538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943277,0.0002813431,0.0001223102,0.00002639041,0.00004604145,0.000009807457,0.004384903,0.000008578438,0.0007929871],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0196482,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03906769,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04998718964708174,"score_gpt":0.275554022151321,"score_spread":0.2255668325042393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}