{"id":"W2163976466","doi":"10.1890/04-0669","title":"ARE INVASIVE SPECIES THE DRIVERS OR PASSENGERS OF CHANGE IN DEGRADED ECOSYSTEMS?","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecology","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1176,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Competition (biology); Ecology; Biology; Habitat; Invasive species; Seed dispersal; Biomass (ecology); Introduced species; Ecosystem; Disturbance (geology); Abundance (ecology); Perennial plant; Population","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001593683,0.00007019821,0.0001555396,0.00003599442,0.00008674653,0.000002173685,0.0001497837,0.00007102166,0.001987016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001286348,0.00004664206,0.00002665379,0.0001347682,0.0002705137,0.00007901433,0.00009967332,0.00008914082,0.0002455894],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001390189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008071779,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006690685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3597117,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993723,0.0001009131,0.0001607408,0.0001355024,0.00005563407,0.0001749245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993559,0.0003556671,0.0001632718,0.0001009232,0.000006007944,0.00001822602],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001001941,0.00004243672,0.9952115,0.00000540939,0.00001307256,0.00001025996,0.002264558,0.0004384911,0.0001047041,0.0002610026,0.001506883,0.0001316963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000248154,0.00005075201,0.9947256,0.000004252101,0.000006184849,0.000004101211,0.00129536,0.0005814284,0.0001230321,0.00008821496,0.002817847,0.00005505644],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9910645,0.00002963071,0.000002213151,0.005748886,0.0001599534,0.0002286968,0.000004200574,0.000008462589,0.00275348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980432,0.0001003669,0.00008361255,0.0007852689,0.00003525686,0.0000652455,0.000001319566,0.000003747359,0.0008820019],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3596448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989253,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04347857837625087,"score_gpt":0.2518729450250767,"score_spread":0.2083943666488259,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}