{"id":"W2164794192","doi":"10.2174/1874434601105010045","title":"Can One Learn to Think Critically? – A Philosophical Exploration","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Open Nursing Journal","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"MacEwan University; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Critical thinking; Epistemology; Psychology; Sociology; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02345602,0.00091657,0.0009784335,0.003456035,0.006760789,0.01361225,0.003008156,0.007937116,0.002463662],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02416101,0.0005143336,0.0007281025,0.002940642,0.06539559,0.0307223,0.008180328,0.01091837,0.0009438476],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006570434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007699522,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001792502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002057129,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9783294,0.01790547,0.0005554989,0.0007564648,0.001737252,0.0007159756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9670525,0.02811837,0.001140044,0.0007610483,0.001820203,0.001107919],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004156326,0.00008878582,0.0003850928,0.001209178,0.00002159914,0.0005064326,0.1136937,0.0002936236,0.0002558584,0.8155244,0.01704593,0.05093391],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002025262,0.0001032557,0.0004234642,0.003861524,0.000009209673,0.0009308553,0.06812534,0.0006801086,0.0001714622,0.7656851,0.1599441,0.00004543244],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02524767,0.2498133,0.02725924,0.5468378,0.005715756,0.0003754613,0.0000455702,0.00007786167,0.1446274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6288523,0.2603109,0.02894788,0.06132386,0.006064662,0.0008786985,0.00007965418,0.0001022946,0.01343978],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02345602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1240488,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.209467115725909,"score_gpt":0.4055555229922179,"score_spread":0.1960884072663089,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}