{"id":"W2165033437","doi":"10.1093/aob/mcu116","title":"Reticulate evolution in North American black-fruited hawthorns (Crataegus section Douglasia; Rosaceae): evidence from nuclear ITS2 and plastid sequences","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Botany","topic":"Botanical Studies and Applications","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Royal Ontario Museum; University of Toronto","funders":"Arnold Arboretum; British Columbia Institute of Technology; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Park Service; University of Alberta; Harvard University; U.S. Department of the Interior","keywords":"Biology; Polyploid; Reticulate evolution; Apomixis; Ploidy; Intergenic region; Locus (genetics); Plant evolution; Clade; Botany; Evolutionary biology; Crataegus; Phylogenetic tree; Genetics; Genome; Gene","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000182067,0.0001291944,0.0002422483,0.000005475998,0.0001652005,0.00003994228,0.0001604789,0.00005302201,0.00005913613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000160651,0.0000609543,0.00005684159,0.0005923561,0.0003046428,0.0001514217,0.00008527822,0.0001221974,0.00002396485],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001499184,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002315087,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005127214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02637415,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988708,0.00009435491,0.0002843457,0.0003402551,0.0001755085,0.0002346869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992213,0.0003359712,0.000183068,0.00007992311,0.00008819412,0.00009157718],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002826732,0.0002893459,0.5492077,0.00002128129,0.00007178697,0.000003753246,0.0004558853,0.000206412,0.3071329,0.0003722926,0.002244113,0.1397119],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005884272,0.0003140534,0.9920781,0.00005213901,0.000009878936,9.438772e-7,0.000239608,0.001315174,0.0003316175,0.0002443681,0.005218447,0.0001368405],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994356,0.000395972,0.00001556919,0.004869759,0.0000382437,0.0001510803,0.00004934041,0.00003714294,0.00008693625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982744,0.001232291,0.0001029419,0.0001924483,0.0001666705,0.000009326692,0.000006938658,0.000001423379,0.000013541],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4428704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.991392,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03439889569819061,"score_gpt":0.2534698101624261,"score_spread":0.2190709144642355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}