{"id":"W2165494765","doi":"10.1086/421050","title":"The T Allele of a Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism 13.9 kb Upstream of the Lactase Gene (LCT) (C−13.9kbT) Does Not Predict or Cause the Lactase-Persistence Phenotype in Africans","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The American Journal of Human Genetics","topic":"Digestive system and related health","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":224,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; University College London","keywords":"Lactase; Genetics; Lactose intolerance; Biology; Allele; Allele frequency; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Phenotype; Population; Genotype; Gene; Lactose; Demography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007880778,0.0002305091,0.000395112,0.00005473351,0.0003084374,0.000025242,0.001108285,0.00007193286,0.000007069154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001085063,0.00008945848,0.0002392854,0.0002882588,0.001548541,0.000005863206,0.0001592967,0.0003312193,0.000001228185],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006548716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004593636,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003297928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007201593,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977493,0.0004696691,0.0007966822,0.0001966499,0.000417169,0.0003705015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973618,0.0001336558,0.001403549,0.000763202,0.0002322369,0.0001055186],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001382162,0.0005895618,0.01552247,0.00005226361,0.0007894715,0.00003818429,0.005163957,0.004739584,0.9675551,0.0001096877,0.0005636326,0.003493934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004610151,0.01221245,0.09109728,0.0006218689,0.0009843149,0.0006363281,0.01970707,0.00007187029,0.8639901,0.0007933089,0.00451132,0.0007639522],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954588,0.001805306,0.00004129349,0.001934184,0.0001759661,0.0002868501,0.00006542941,0.000003420614,0.0002287561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977865,0.00130464,0.0001062867,0.0003248988,0.0002343011,0.000004244744,0.000003778676,0.00003399497,0.0002013361],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.103565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5705662,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01915103838487336,"score_gpt":0.2549834568051951,"score_spread":0.2358324184203218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}