{"id":"W2165494765","doi":"10.1086/421050","title":"The T Allele of a Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism 13.9 kb Upstream of the Lactase Gene (LCT) (C−13.9kbT) Does Not Predict or Cause the Lactase-Persistence Phenotype in Africans","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The American Journal of Human Genetics","topic":"Digestive system and related health","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":224,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; University College London","keywords":"Lactase; Genetics; Lactose intolerance; Biology; Allele; Allele frequency; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Phenotype; Population; Genotype; Gene; Lactose; Demography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002491076,0.0007512799,0.0003503324,0.000681364,0.0004075395,0.0002086225,0.0003308039,0.001091469,0.006754535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001558011,0.000189259,0.0005008691,0.0004409287,0.0005666102,0.0002097323,0.0002073184,0.0005940733,0.0007753766],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001085647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002010741,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001952098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001203847,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997892,0.00006189027,0.00002236988,0.00004422031,0.00002479177,0.00005754658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991972,0.0002877892,0.0002442079,0.00005297467,0.00004325766,0.0001746252],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01094667,0.0008278688,0.4114445,0.0002026684,0.0003576366,0.04021266,0.001770606,0.0004194355,0.5131292,0.001568761,0.001519337,0.01760063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007988043,0.003198931,0.8831077,0.0002308013,0.0005692197,0.06906942,0.0009797652,0.002094288,0.03367293,0.001792847,0.00439076,0.00009448157],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982688,0.0001269966,0.0005662728,0.0001398026,0.00003697524,0.00001294484,0.0001936573,0.00001633358,0.0006380507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989309,0.00006239129,0.0003740858,0.00006542731,0.00003597927,0.000008879332,0.0001297355,0.00001590988,0.0003766515],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006754535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02259624,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01915103838487336,"score_gpt":0.2549834568051951,"score_spread":0.2358324184203218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}