{"id":"W2165743999","doi":"10.1017/s1743921307000245","title":"Observing convection in stellar atmospheres","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union","topic":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Stars; Physics; Astrophysics; Line (geometry); Convection; Spectral line; Curvature; Stellar atmosphere; Field (mathematics); Atmosphere (unit); Thermal; Vector field; Computational physics; Astronomy; Mechanics; Geometry; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001118481,0.00009410964,0.0001166337,0.00002128642,0.00004082675,0.00003016389,0.0002533222,0.00002262901,0.0001332456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009365841,0.00007502508,0.00006956847,0.00006632278,0.00004381303,0.0001173632,0.0001043489,0.0001061186,0.000006739083],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005374601,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001059477,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001107451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001838625,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993544,0.000004796805,0.0002357672,0.0001436533,0.0001403672,0.0001210633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996725,0.00004785192,0.0001497191,0.00003950841,0.00007571078,0.00001469335],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002169968,0.00005542153,0.9880999,0.000003994445,0.00002854074,1.804845e-8,0.00002516088,0.0004982515,0.000785192,0.008861016,0.0006514762,0.0009693442],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003648783,0.00001279204,0.984668,0.00003572351,0.00001080313,4.316314e-7,0.0001490788,0.001592571,0.007877361,0.00350379,0.00170988,0.00007466968],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9328136,0.00001836635,0.00006202031,0.0004957451,0.0003467264,0.00008706692,0.000003214165,0.000008446082,0.06616476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986048,8.586425e-7,0.0004122102,0.000009917546,0.0003820735,0.000005197136,0.000008975547,0.000006805456,0.0005691935],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06579112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3059434,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007536065191744571,"score_gpt":0.1982731176907256,"score_spread":0.190737052498981,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}