{"id":"W2167010174","doi":"10.1016/s0021-9290(01)00169-5","title":"Simultaneous positive and negative external mechanical work in human walking","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biomechanics","topic":"Robotic Locomotion and Control","field":"Engineering","cited_by":531,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Whitaker Foundation; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Work (physics); Pendulum; Ground reaction force; Inverted pendulum; Mechanical energy; Simulation; Control theory (sociology); Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Computer science; Physics; Classical mechanics; Kinematics; Artificial intelligence; Nonlinear system; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002584695,0.0002303446,0.0002062562,0.0004312462,0.0003254613,0.0004785066,0.0001610088,0.0004703045,0.002692295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00313855,0.0002326613,0.0001217894,0.0002288143,0.0004728026,0.0002610248,0.0004523333,0.0002241756,0.0003080278],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006046689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001095675,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004931408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008414408,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998823,0.00003887581,0.00001073494,0.00001988794,0.00002493515,0.00002318909],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993734,0.0003836422,0.00005472208,0.00002986291,0.00006341744,0.00009510274],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.02869705,0.001185867,0.2171414,0.001028652,0.0002785104,0.005357276,0.005157135,0.0151229,0.548744,0.006218622,0.00252378,0.1685448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001873886,0.001189482,0.9659972,0.00009537398,0.00008878497,0.003912775,0.001263859,0.01211143,0.007200432,0.006804745,0.001099861,0.00004874359],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953335,0.0001706346,0.001721735,0.00006860111,0.00001865737,0.00001507859,0.0001108878,0.00000949678,0.002551507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993309,0.00004286091,0.0001961491,0.00001269185,0.000008944083,0.000007643461,0.00003973277,0.000005436571,0.0003557554],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002692295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00900656,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008660031031214196,"score_gpt":0.2098316132445503,"score_spread":0.2011715822133361,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}