{"id":"W2168359871","doi":"10.5539/ies.v5n6p80","title":"Analysing the Shadows: Private Tutoring as a Descriptor of the Education System in Georgia","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Equity (law); Shadow (psychology); Quality (philosophy); Mathematics education; Private education; Psychological intervention; School choice; School system; Psychology; Political science; Higher education; Economic growth; Sociology; Pedagogy; Computer science; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001384013,0.0000976071,0.0002594965,0.001786317,0.001664931,0.001859489,0.0004866651,0.0003937754,0.001461285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004967274,0.0001227545,0.0001235705,0.002733302,0.0045148,0.001440843,0.003855162,0.0007903392,0.00006101798],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007879927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003640377,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1119849,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2389362,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983727,0.0006665463,0.00005639186,0.0001628475,0.0002509588,0.0004905135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971494,0.00111598,0.0007662156,0.0002472359,0.000324129,0.0003970267],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001893,0.00007916964,0.620982,0.0001665122,0.0000312107,0.000737283,0.260617,0.0007553209,0.001470718,0.04819067,0.002453469,0.06432731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000534335,0.00006323616,0.8549027,0.00008230036,0.00001553541,0.0001029485,0.1325409,0.0007750528,0.0002256952,0.003312178,0.007959435,0.00001466113],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944119,0.0001193226,0.000157513,0.0009414142,0.000004937323,0.000008158736,0.00006042339,0.000002811539,0.004293475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996912,0.00003563063,0.00004623175,0.0000280922,0.000001594657,0.000002287161,0.00001668739,0.000001037237,0.0001772545],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1119849,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2226661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07281305540758094,"score_gpt":0.4188842960982603,"score_spread":0.3460712406906793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}