{"id":"W2168700989","doi":"10.3968/j.ccc.1923670020110702.021","title":"English Speech Act Realization of “Refusals” among Iranian EFL Learners","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cross-cultural communication","topic":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pragmatics; Psychology; Speech act; Linguistics; Realization (probability); Qualitative research; Variety (cybernetics); Population; Action (physics); Test (biology); Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Sociology; Computer science; Social science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004242682,0.0002168609,0.0002578742,0.00009277579,0.0006708067,0.000533784,0.001197722,0.0001110144,0.001397733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002288818,0.0001773018,0.0001238033,0.0001211149,0.001810911,0.002097951,0.0002380835,0.000301053,0.00005566638],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006285916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000402806,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002652806,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003150037,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984775,0.0002676998,0.0005593474,0.0002089663,0.0002549636,0.0002314977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996592,0.00009163708,0.0005052371,0.00155951,0.001187267,0.00006439132],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007138184,0.0002176891,0.01545475,0.00007357731,0.00009125331,0.000001030011,0.3680074,0.00001614567,0.0006492704,0.6082771,0.001462672,0.005677707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003338146,0.0004451127,0.1769294,0.0007043524,0.000338814,0.00001319012,0.4927697,0.0003328595,0.02063456,0.02901455,0.2732972,0.002182102],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6304643,0.0003464959,0.000008657139,0.00005004518,0.0001224046,0.0002057928,0.00002206144,0.0002017003,0.3685786],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951063,0.0003293973,0.0004654094,0.00005413646,0.0001188048,0.00003392055,0.0005124795,0.00003178089,0.003347775],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5792626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995151,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06988989165432628,"score_gpt":0.3277257136455702,"score_spread":0.2578358219912439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}