{"id":"W2170929445","doi":"10.1177/0267658308098995","title":"Temporal dynamics of late second language acquisition: evidence from event-related brain potentials","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Second language Research","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":200,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Syntax; Second-language acquisition; Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Linguistics; Contrast (vision); Language proficiency; Language acquisition; Event-related potential; Focus (optics); Affect (linguistics); Computer science; Cognition; Communication; Natural language processing; Artificial intelligence; Neuroscience","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001869768,0.0002960773,0.0004905736,0.0004164964,0.0002527463,0.0001097531,0.0009723725,0.000309893,0.0180246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001475474,0.0002627346,0.0002126554,0.0008408415,0.0004594436,0.0004163246,0.0002398416,0.0009716173,0.0002702611],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009173153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001715089,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004191278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008665951,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9953097,0.001444674,0.0006859453,0.0009378002,0.0007607352,0.0008611523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966477,0.001826704,0.0002386277,0.0009185871,0.0001491653,0.0002192122],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001247291,0.0001382665,0.0001144101,0.00004852833,0.00001960253,0.003542694,0.008186321,0.000007135183,0.9786887,0.000176053,0.001502469,0.00745105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00134401,0.0007884654,0.002009434,0.000323324,0.00002183634,0.0003042298,0.004663916,0.0008230692,0.9852309,0.003568466,0.0003919041,0.000530423],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908974,0.003004943,0.00002887615,0.002196514,0.0002410556,0.0005223828,0.0005374423,0.0001280682,0.002443309],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9861205,0.00004196564,0.0001276045,0.00165124,0.0002174645,0.000009277095,0.0001908812,0.00002986421,0.0116112],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01775434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999825,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04346752621197246,"score_gpt":0.3786879413461903,"score_spread":0.3352204151342178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}