{"id":"W2174055384","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2000)117[0299:spmsaw]2.0.co;2","title":"SPACING PATTERNS, MATING SYSTEMS, AND WINTER PHILOPATRY IN HARLEQUIN DUCKS","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Auk","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research, Ducks Unlimited Canada; Simon Fraser University","keywords":"Philopatry; Mating; Biology; Mating system; Zoology; Evolutionary biology; Demography; Biological dispersal; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002284886,0.0001178142,0.0001406545,0.0007171801,0.0003639374,0.0003855801,0.0001611699,0.0001893495,0.0007635516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006227111,0.0001625382,0.00007261983,0.0003377555,0.0004264064,0.0001815382,0.000161744,0.0001497887,0.000119447],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004926358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001504124,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03669868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1464834,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998844,0.0000281323,0.00001028448,0.00003312902,0.00001918079,0.00002497077],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994617,0.00007290651,0.0002124285,0.00002582416,0.00006013638,0.000167006],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005864487,0.00003387604,0.9945546,0.00000765223,0.00002302707,0.00007973937,0.0003914064,0.00005361224,0.001903301,0.00001007781,0.00006377105,0.002820304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[6.478409e-7,0.00001200327,0.9997976,8.024754e-7,0.00000117821,0.00003143099,0.0001030567,0.00002088666,0.0000114582,0.000002807943,0.00001736741,7.017099e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997709,0.00008287157,0.00001088639,0.000005040645,4.615789e-7,7.051211e-7,0.00003084806,0.000001091219,0.00009709517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997715,0.00003338133,0.00002785879,0.000006659896,9.896532e-7,0.000001219782,0.00005614952,5.969765e-7,0.0001016109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03669868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07297009,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0373657552936086,"score_gpt":0.1981926327814441,"score_spread":0.1608268774878355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}