{"id":"W2174614056","doi":"10.1007/s10494-013-9514-4","title":"Unsteady Laminar to Turbulent Flow in a Spacer-Filled Channel","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Flow Turbulence and Combustion","topic":"Heat transfer and supercritical fluids","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Reynolds number; Laminar flow; Turbulence; Mechanics; Hele-Shaw flow; Particle image velocimetry; Open-channel flow; Chézy formula; Flow (mathematics); Pipe flow; Physics; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000108134,0.0001875742,0.0002143872,0.0001280455,0.00004834353,0.00005814053,0.0000848893,0.0001189162,0.0001666849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001865191,0.0001763721,0.00003653409,0.0002336498,0.00002542519,0.000239653,0.00001696016,0.0001968333,0.0003028366],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005155557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008381361,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009422174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003429947,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989986,0.00002539304,0.0002105793,0.0002297643,0.0001552179,0.0003804758],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999554,0.00003399165,7.10874e-7,0.0001618829,0.00004285579,0.0002066067],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002599418,0.00100724,0.005275628,0.00246803,0.000179777,0.0004009767,0.02591256,0.5756494,0.08088332,0.005205042,0.05722408,0.245534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008467055,0.00021312,0.01337394,0.0003234906,0.00001761706,0.00002886149,0.0003893568,0.9782434,0.004438921,0.0008473786,0.000756983,0.0005202411],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9717009,0.0004530996,0.02462094,0.001635633,0.0002812611,0.0004690608,0.000007960137,0.0001987596,0.0006323782],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998385,0.0002534679,0.0007212484,0.0003322,0.00007840726,0.0001203393,0.00001482523,0.00002285729,0.00007163679],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.402594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7192245,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008026206795176002,"score_gpt":0.1989002148832476,"score_spread":0.1908740080880716,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}