{"id":"W2177556721","doi":"10.1668/0003-1569(2000)040[0062:tlamat]2.0.co;2","title":"Tadpole Locomotion: Axial Movement and Tail Functions in a Largely Vertebraeless Vertebrate1","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Zoologist","topic":"Biomimetic flight and propulsion mechanisms","field":"Engineering","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Tadpole (physics); Bullfrog; Biology; Anatomy; Mechanics; Physics; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009314233,0.0001572223,0.0002153407,0.00008223919,0.00006916432,0.00003340336,0.0001029888,0.00005973736,0.001727841],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000519624,0.0001471772,0.0000339647,0.0003348518,0.0001928131,0.00007130299,0.00002209237,0.0001561429,0.0002977868],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004895516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000117407,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000682521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003773019,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991543,0.00003925545,0.0002006424,0.0002146377,0.0001042947,0.000286901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996784,0.00001845672,0.00002190849,0.0001830982,0.00001094376,0.00008721101],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000098002,0.0002281675,0.01041082,0.00005280292,0.00007882417,0.00006643433,0.0003773007,0.001447607,0.01070459,0.002330839,0.01302038,0.9611842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013005,0.005130402,0.2992822,0.0002846668,0.0002723125,0.0001604009,0.005524771,0.2516931,0.06568926,0.01799983,0.3351718,0.005786258],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9815133,0.0003528147,0.004648674,0.0007867417,0.000357934,0.0002384084,0.00002724801,0.0003017536,0.01177309],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971471,0.0001651764,0.001080575,0.0004193345,0.00005815589,0.00004707068,0.00001949219,0.00002086034,0.001042259],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.955398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991847,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006398743448500767,"score_gpt":0.1960602992844269,"score_spread":0.1896615558359261,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}