{"id":"W2177627809","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.10.016","title":"Acute dysprosium toxicity to Daphnia pulex and Hyalella azteca and development of the biotic ligand approach","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquatic Toxicology","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Environment Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Wilfrid Laurier University; Avalon Rare Metals; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Hyalella azteca; Daphnia pulex; Environmental chemistry; Toxicity; Daphnia; Acute toxicity; Biotic Ligand Model; Dissolved organic carbon; Ecotoxicology; Soft water; Chemistry; Gammarus pulex; Cladocera; Biology; Animal science; Amphipoda; Ecology; Crustacean","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006714873,0.0001692663,0.0002592063,0.00003198904,0.0001035918,0.00001284099,0.000266456,0.0001145676,0.00006272055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001188773,0.0001214755,0.00001875433,0.0001558114,0.0005269933,0.00005714355,0.0007686265,0.0001135188,0.0000998953],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001589819,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003659561,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002320853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000104497,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985188,0.0001378377,0.0003294489,0.000392676,0.0003087171,0.0003125404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992352,0.00006621816,0.00009822772,0.0003508925,0.000002860205,0.0002466332],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009299925,0.0006469726,0.1312355,0.00005610272,0.0001363023,0.000009152674,0.01468329,0.0006205082,0.810849,0.0001749892,0.002614587,0.03888063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001937241,0.001098684,0.4238397,0.00003053479,0.0001645981,0.0001494854,0.001060733,0.0040376,0.5463731,0.001153316,0.01933467,0.0008203249],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994351,0.00004523898,0.002463805,0.0005427806,0.0001304065,0.0005690008,0.000002629762,0.00001200864,0.001883183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9643723,0.000006903042,0.03453793,0.0005191832,0.00001233736,0.00003739543,9.907902e-7,0.00001332815,0.0004996008],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2926042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4953627,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0283694918408822,"score_gpt":0.245521940204009,"score_spread":0.2171524483631268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}