{"id":"W2178896197","doi":"10.1614/ws-03-102r","title":"Response of paraquat-resistant and -susceptible horseweed (<i>Conyza canadensis</i>) to diquat, linuron, and oxyfluorfen","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Weed Science","topic":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Diquat; Paraquat; Biology; Weed; Population; Toxicology; Eleusine indica; Agronomy; Animal science; Horticulture; Botany; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007575956,0.0001160022,0.000176831,0.00004223517,0.0003615202,0.00008137962,0.0003024277,0.00004573838,0.00002297357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002022515,0.00005224884,0.00002590548,0.0008219534,0.0004717596,0.0001331128,0.0001110797,0.00006940167,0.00001165348],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003688268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000084609,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03931481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01546443,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987366,0.00003894946,0.0002101876,0.0004065454,0.0002842109,0.0003235403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992145,0.0001782931,0.00007015943,0.0001060689,0.0001179123,0.0003130978],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001223559,0.00001960745,0.0001817966,0.000001627237,0.000002036074,0.000001218415,0.0002079245,0.00001294608,0.9932097,0.002179496,0.00006694393,0.003994302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003321089,0.0007214135,0.9498947,0.00002645879,0.00001466413,0.000008539932,0.0005900968,0.00004296127,0.0380705,0.002253002,0.007825248,0.0002203199],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888664,0.0001843715,0.00002181566,0.01022114,0.00002690061,0.0003041815,0.00002124612,0.0000290587,0.0003249192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985189,0.000002679767,0.0005736295,0.0006420199,0.00003448291,0.00002951191,0.00000134848,8.854643e-7,0.0001965675],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9551392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9670825,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01197162067271597,"score_gpt":0.2237018054613883,"score_spread":0.2117301847886723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}