{"id":"W2188312730","doi":"","title":"The Canadian Underground Economy: An Examination of Giles and Tedds","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Benchmarking; Economics; Economy; Econometric model; Econometrics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003060842,0.0005091691,0.0004950761,0.008078355,0.01006729,0.006272957,0.00165263,0.001552713,0.005497316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01029432,0.0003312139,0.0004846151,0.02107025,0.006365585,0.003727261,0.00165161,0.002008746,0.0002623514],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1286534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1194067,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9971673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9976373,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962083,0.000346409,0.00006810649,0.0001857326,0.002425531,0.000765946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9921868,0.00154875,0.0003218451,0.0001612263,0.005188614,0.0005927991],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005164389,0.00004960646,0.02379303,0.0003573958,0.00004083903,0.0004324349,0.01857683,0.001230858,0.0001033469,0.6724851,0.1985617,0.08431723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001583904,0.00002008297,0.08866143,0.001179959,0.00005908751,0.0001781668,0.02545691,0.00143738,0.0001572454,0.02833899,0.854355,0.0001398231],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09220747,0.1298839,0.002037664,0.1916598,0.0008727736,0.0001163163,0.002929134,0.00006681055,0.5802261],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7538502,0.1737787,0.002510746,0.01438399,0.0005631279,0.00007099787,0.00118334,0.0001145881,0.05354425],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1286534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9334502,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01933661233327482,"score_gpt":0.2161531980368555,"score_spread":0.1968165857035806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}