{"id":"W2194022769","doi":"10.11575/prism/25657","title":"Development of a LCA Screening Tool: Assessment of Biochar in the Removal of Organic Carbon in SAGD Produced Water","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"PRISM (University of Calgary)","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biochar; Waste management; Environmental science; Total organic carbon; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Pyrolysis","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008463511,0.0001584611,0.0004005379,0.0001338619,0.0000372642,0.000001979636,0.0004108846,0.0001537778,0.000256864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002202148,0.00013668,0.00007926785,0.0001894181,0.0001670309,0.00009115668,0.0001703741,0.000208633,0.000001425497],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002944596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006856713,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002519952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000901518,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985235,0.000139454,0.0003715186,0.0002674694,0.0004957059,0.0002023706],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993071,0.00002728066,0.0003081787,0.0003157552,0.00001218917,0.00002948013],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003757953,0.0008748567,0.2606999,0.0009434947,0.00006894321,0.00004050173,0.06146967,0.00003108295,0.6110991,0.00003673104,0.00001301411,0.06434698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005600811,0.00009086546,0.9239857,0.00011616,0.00003634199,0.000001076497,0.004026367,0.0007149318,0.07007875,0.00005862767,0.0001625953,0.0001685669],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948428,0.00002416259,0.0005008056,0.0000334344,0.00002280682,0.0004690716,3.979752e-7,0.000003159934,0.004103421],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985023,0.00001492975,0.01439451,0.000004394066,0.00000147182,8.42781e-7,0.0000631282,0.00000965545,0.0004880376],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6632857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5573647,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008649119309289561,"score_gpt":0.212654301701995,"score_spread":0.2040051823927055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}