{"id":"W2195254877","doi":"10.1139/v2012-008","title":"Buffer capacity of heterogeneous chemical equilibria in natural waters","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Buffer (optical fiber); Component (thermodynamics); Environmental remediation; Thermodynamics; Contamination; Ecology; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009813534,0.0001424284,0.0002901046,0.00003461874,0.00001865856,0.000007996537,0.0002933504,0.0001379887,0.0002627794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002315568,0.0001232901,0.0001715738,0.0001168613,0.0001840907,0.000112994,0.00002757813,0.0005451068,0.000005341084],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002933896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001345098,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005330355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002687721,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988441,0.0000101096,0.000432749,0.00008840306,0.0001465052,0.0004781093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989644,0.00005431373,0.0001029958,0.0001543253,0.00007867435,0.0006453137],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001754981,0.00003439908,0.001241733,0.00009189224,0.00002945878,0.00001086484,0.0002811886,0.0001342088,0.9977166,0.00002293761,0.000278155,0.0001410002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002732988,0.000005799352,0.0000459203,0.00009933775,0.00001306449,0.0002033109,0.00002361694,0.000596863,0.9974191,0.0001717295,0.0009927464,0.000155239],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972976,0.0007221653,0.00002311288,0.0001083284,0.0001995476,0.00002520269,0.00001643942,0.00000634609,0.001601232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992692,0.000002675238,0.0001677725,0.0000400542,0.0003851361,0.0000012154,0.000005139754,0.00001706148,0.000111679],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00197164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5027625,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01413385115117238,"score_gpt":0.1974833636675491,"score_spread":0.1833495125163767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}