{"id":"W2204844236","doi":"10.1007/1-4020-3363-x_22","title":"Production of Ethanol Using Immobilised Cell Bioreactor Systems","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Focus on biotechnology","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bioreactor; Ethanol; Ethanol fuel; Pulp and paper industry; Production (economics); Chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Process engineering; Chromatography; Engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001515136,0.0008550248,0.0005946117,0.0003732919,0.0001514184,0.0008601032,0.0008880851,0.0004931502,0.001934992],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008332948,0.000406152,0.0005984329,0.0006705253,0.0002158308,0.001026722,0.0003989473,0.0008646099,0.001748867],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005007734,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001408495,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003817618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007083815,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998899,0.00000875114,0.000008383022,0.00003134914,0.00004804436,0.00001370566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999754,0.000008439186,0.000002993851,0.000005133496,0.000005458552,0.000002466064],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004312248,0.00007105845,0.00003835451,0.0003278792,0.00001721764,0.0001169297,0.00003079122,0.0006528705,0.9582575,0.00101998,0.0004955622,0.03892883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001523917,0.0001847532,0.0002582156,0.00004121976,0.00003591573,0.0002195637,0.00001650106,0.001447787,0.965963,0.0005478557,0.03125428,0.00001571268],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5323846,0.1449621,0.2455883,0.001228671,0.001838688,0.0003732248,0.001219919,0.002893062,0.06951149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6063849,0.1171967,0.1283852,0.000670268,0.0002470886,0.0002306269,0.003575109,0.0003801163,0.1429302],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001934992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006473243,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01583754277950297,"score_gpt":0.2009222693613791,"score_spread":0.1850847265818761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}