{"id":"W2209333555","doi":"10.1177/0031721715614828","title":"The top and bottom of leadership and change","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Phi Delta Kappan","topic":"Organizational Change and Leadership","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Top-down and bottom-up design; Diversity (politics); Public relations; Scale (ratio); Focus (optics); Organizational change; Political science; Sociology; Mathematics education; Psychology; Computer science; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002669336,0.00007651949,0.00008436877,0.00005750281,0.00009465524,0.0001040987,0.00009032507,0.00003550485,0.000009773626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001184935,0.00005549885,0.00001145131,0.0001919414,0.00009209772,0.0003847935,0.00006959808,0.00006215784,0.0000190244],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004489669,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006654435,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002080509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001858773,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995031,0.00000707026,0.00009392316,0.0001122243,0.0001411017,0.0001425656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996792,0.00004358555,0.00006416912,0.00009973027,0.00009677717,0.00001653655],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002093054,0.0001329699,0.7701524,0.0008967756,0.0001167118,0.00001071098,0.009460547,0.000002055663,0.0002139087,0.08803726,0.05858047,0.07218681],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002717213,0.00007045597,0.5058426,0.0001321444,0.0002047784,0.00001003998,0.0314219,0.001975849,0.000215133,0.01971819,0.4369054,0.0007862129],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9350613,0.006612339,0.00004897991,0.05482654,0.0003904214,0.0003722042,0.000004760263,0.00008749018,0.00259592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953197,0.00002195289,0.0000222591,0.002193847,0.002207876,0.000005821003,0.00001186203,0.00001309939,0.0002036289],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.378325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2263177,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1919048252426663,"score_gpt":0.2624712328799471,"score_spread":0.07056640763728078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}