{"id":"W2211619895","doi":"10.5539/ies.v9n1p141","title":"Improving Professional Development System through Quality Assurance Practices in the Universities of Pakistan","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Management Theory and Practice","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nonprobability sampling; Workload; Quality assurance; Medical education; Professional development; Faculty development; Psychology; Higher education; Quality (philosophy); Sociology; Management; Political science; Medicine; Business; Population; Marketing","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001994586,0.00008358006,0.0001100371,0.0001100676,0.0001195632,0.00008946905,0.0003024412,0.00001843201,0.00002047607],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001074123,0.00006167215,0.0000211061,0.0002083178,0.00004958627,0.001881854,0.0001353721,0.00008224902,0.00003273012],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001538195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002444234,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001053991,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002145584,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989738,0.00008611568,0.0003102155,0.0001394663,0.0004103354,0.00008009458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974101,0.0004301118,0.0009530708,0.0001116866,0.001091467,0.00000359669],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000178035,0.0003565096,0.01970489,0.0006731123,0.000154312,0.000002342384,0.01024484,0.00004804356,0.00001579145,0.9515207,0.01432922,0.002772137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002677194,0.0000034246,0.01686345,0.0001633673,0.00002629005,0.000001360868,0.527254,0.00005342091,0.00001885091,0.003184527,0.452061,0.0001026601],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7278672,0.0007972186,0.0004551595,0.008060049,0.007726881,0.0003129757,0.00000244567,0.00004648579,0.2547316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952279,0.000009796111,0.0007347035,0.0008975675,0.0003534811,0.00004503213,0.00001557893,0.000004044213,0.002711844],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9483362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2514918,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1547372683823946,"score_gpt":0.4419739780906882,"score_spread":0.2872367097082936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}