{"id":"W2214434056","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.639165","title":"Innovation through Optimal Licensing in Free Markets and Free Software","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Digital Platforms and Economics","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Quest University Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Openness to experience; Social planner; Business; Industrial organization; Planner; Variety (cybernetics); Network effect; Bargaining problem; Open innovation; Downstream (manufacturing); Business model; Microeconomics; Control (management); Complementary assets; Marketing; Economics; Computer science; Management","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003083551,0.0004185726,0.001565042,0.001517282,0.001485223,0.005763636,0.001110017,0.003869778,0.01624577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02524451,0.0006746706,0.001103944,0.001014904,0.004519213,0.01124952,0.002903318,0.001897187,0.0007882215],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003263074,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003979413,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003354126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003689513,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975836,0.0007843332,0.0001432965,0.0003923254,0.0003900277,0.0007063379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9736245,0.0192664,0.002752758,0.001364709,0.001473441,0.001518193],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021742,0.0001862939,0.001936054,0.0001837341,0.0000436289,0.0001313972,0.0003088627,0.02276143,0.000698787,0.9536439,0.001793858,0.01809459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006241979,0.00004073888,0.001009664,0.00002114055,0.00002482623,0.00004387703,0.000200211,0.02335584,0.0003065479,0.9739971,0.0009217054,0.00001597563],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.682769,0.001419481,0.1086176,0.01057162,0.0001628644,0.0001939659,0.0002760785,0.0003397526,0.1956496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890667,0.0003439493,0.002491936,0.0001345612,0.00007362635,0.00003447863,0.00002108275,0.00002413027,0.007809658],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01624577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05434746,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009816326666175093,"score_gpt":0.1999441568181193,"score_spread":0.1901278301519442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}