{"id":"W2216957970","doi":"","title":"Students' Perceptions of Using Personal Response Systems (\"Clickers\") with Cases in Science","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","topic":"Innovative Teaching Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Science education; Perception; Mathematics education; Psychology; Computer science; Pedagogy; Multimedia","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004024807,0.0001981867,0.0002785804,0.0006418969,0.0005575874,0.0007591077,0.0008742189,0.0001010828,0.0002127805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001909399,0.0001744393,0.00006330891,0.002424996,0.001824171,0.005054044,0.0002168778,0.0004233488,0.00006930642],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002238218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009864762,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004963242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002859932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964477,0.001019358,0.0004322335,0.0004255504,0.001107013,0.0005681676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987118,0.0004503268,0.0002085345,0.0002592828,0.0001534749,0.0002165797],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005210121,0.0002410022,0.9857525,0.00001648746,0.00001213347,0.00005660094,0.007399274,0.000003306103,0.001191523,0.004512134,0.00001513664,0.0002789493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001098859,0.0004507612,0.9459924,0.0006456822,0.00003147696,0.00007006153,0.0434142,0.00012041,0.001473043,0.001347948,0.004465229,0.0008899082],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.987546,0.00002920852,0.0004148383,0.00006321871,0.000105045,0.0003462282,0.0003012853,0.000113444,0.01108079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993001,0.000001682129,0.006470857,0.00005614599,0.00005644604,0.00001141113,0.000008658933,0.00003435223,0.0003594435],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03976002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7320093,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07080592960757244,"score_gpt":0.3424777825651177,"score_spread":0.2716718529575453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}