{"id":"W2218600247","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2015.09.003","title":"Introduction: Scientific knowledge of the deep past","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Imperfect; Deep time; Process (computing); Order (exchange); Epistemology; Knowledge production; Sociology of scientific knowledge; Fossil Record; Paleontology; Focus (optics); Sociology; Computer science; Philosophy; Biology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00187213,0.0006204066,0.0004981383,0.001689095,0.002064601,0.00464248,0.001398924,0.003665155,0.03922693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006252961,0.0002861575,0.0005048768,0.002417528,0.006213532,0.007062648,0.002047826,0.006465538,0.008455008],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001873331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001610189,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002051716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00265549,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992187,0.0002427239,0.00004455896,0.0002285285,0.0002139705,0.00005153965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9939687,0.004310754,0.000243019,0.0003615041,0.0008281033,0.0002878215],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003376117,0.00001717375,0.0002587422,0.0006824417,0.000008920066,0.00004705817,0.001157311,0.0001354658,0.0001954376,0.5086975,0.4525159,0.03625033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008823978,0.00001078212,0.0004688709,0.0004707082,0.000007202312,0.0001087098,0.0003267528,0.0001072868,0.00007339076,0.1379131,0.8604925,0.00001195255],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.004117493,0.173216,0.01668131,0.4022886,0.09399264,0.00006261474,0.002362028,0.0003344817,0.3069448],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1558179,0.09749538,0.01318259,0.1930824,0.2479262,0.0002314426,0.002270143,0.0006201947,0.2893738],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9979354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1312271,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1599699829796841,"score_gpt":0.2834734022422133,"score_spread":0.1235034192625292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}