{"id":"W2222260238","doi":"10.1007/s11431-007-0056-7","title":"Understanding the beam self-cleaning behavior of ultrashort laser pulse filamentation","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science in China. Series E, Technological sciences/Science in China. Series E, Technological Sciences","topic":"Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Genia Photonics (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Filamentation; Optics; Materials science; Pulse (music); Ultrashort pulse; Self-focusing; Laser; Beam (structure); Laser beams; Optoelectronics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001333217,0.00009400085,0.0001151055,0.0001933418,0.0001582845,0.0002070197,0.0003474522,0.000249829,0.001287087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003358638,0.0001291246,0.0001403826,0.0001225831,0.0001764136,0.0005342486,0.0001277299,0.0002554457,0.0001061019],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000318373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001485827,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001754738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001362861,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999754,0.000001988823,0.000001176793,0.000003925619,0.000009016924,0.000008379456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998877,0.00004431109,0.00003007468,0.00001353558,0.00001791382,0.000006555005],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001476588,0.00006101437,0.008193143,0.0001211982,0.00003171394,0.0002153198,0.0001995177,0.01329959,0.9491949,0.008320646,0.0008813193,0.01933389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002171378,0.000101603,0.04243163,0.00001295345,0.00002555797,0.000209075,0.0001146935,0.6022606,0.349033,0.004123436,0.001644245,0.00002142574],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832305,0.001154474,0.01187621,0.0002888042,0.00002985816,0.00002096607,0.00008974434,0.0001356667,0.003173646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996547,0.0004597949,0.002130892,0.00002820519,0.000007792483,0.000009543361,0.00005807354,0.00001202165,0.0007465962],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001754738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004305661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03661152725029992,"score_gpt":0.317756065390304,"score_spread":0.2811445381400041,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}