{"id":"W2222527686","doi":"10.1146/annurev-resource-100815-095548","title":"The Economics of Forest Carbon Offsets","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Resource Economics","topic":"Forest Management and Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Carbon offset; Natural resource economics; Greenhouse gas; Fossil fuel; Climate change; Business; Carbon cycle; Carbon accounting; Carbon sequestration; Environmental science; Environmental protection; Ecosystem; Economics; Carbon dioxide; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012671,0.0003100676,0.0004562711,0.0006623969,0.0006090019,0.002931214,0.0005002145,0.002163976,0.004704957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003091168,0.0002536507,0.0002700324,0.0008450663,0.002518573,0.003192718,0.0008122942,0.001621707,0.0003716211],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002786938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00136332,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001988885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002421927,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992208,0.0003421171,0.00001746016,0.00007898985,0.0002478507,0.00009265689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988484,0.0008216028,0.000129372,0.0000583796,0.00009543574,0.00004671081],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004243121,0.00003285211,0.0005480797,0.0001363671,0.00002101703,0.00008506389,0.00004740247,0.009285341,0.0003064028,0.9485837,0.004277669,0.03663372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002138675,0.00004291268,0.002862035,0.0002855575,0.000017938,0.0001724011,0.0002648188,0.004876985,0.0003176635,0.9245296,0.06658529,0.00002353972],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.102422,0.2373962,0.03796121,0.05057637,0.0009258942,0.0001108044,0.0005021868,0.00007507289,0.5700303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8714715,0.0827382,0.003654511,0.003422187,0.0008364094,0.0001124696,0.00009203615,0.00002953886,0.03764325],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004704957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0202207,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006034678634230912,"score_gpt":0.2134236344202337,"score_spread":0.2073889557860027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}