{"id":"W2223455025","doi":"10.1111/roie.12295","title":"Government‐spending multipliers and the zero lower bound in an open economy","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of International Economics","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Concordia University; McGill University","keywords":"Economics; Government spending; Open economy; Crowding out; Zero lower bound; Exchange rate; Small open economy; Multiplier (economics); Macroeconomics; Nominal interest rate; Gross domestic product; Shock (circulatory); Monetary economics; Real interest rate; Interest rate; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001427541,0.0001425745,0.0005914752,0.00005146502,0.0001426559,0.0004122859,0.001496709,0.00005321109,0.0002046317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002836761,0.000137189,0.0001002384,0.000014433,0.0002541049,0.001331432,0.000531405,0.0001201937,0.00007204721],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002293474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001528871,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002780214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001403406,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985385,0.00001614305,0.0009047235,0.0003579741,0.00001429743,0.000168376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981675,0.00008980175,0.001088473,0.0005791932,0.00001150047,0.00006351099],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005614924,0.00004256594,0.06262558,0.000149662,0.00006076217,5.877647e-7,0.00006089616,0.00001021069,4.167168e-7,0.9352595,0.0003069924,0.001426638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004324419,0.00006288158,0.08272406,0.0008425348,0.00001471957,0.00001071014,0.00005368213,0.01483909,0.00001756792,0.7709832,0.125674,0.0004531483],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2856033,0.01104864,0.0000582466,0.009737574,0.00105894,0.0009083435,0.0003370244,0.000006815625,0.6912411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.973605,0.02347662,0.0003015933,0.002116225,0.000122807,0.00005357886,0.00001342915,0.00002028669,0.000290444],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6909507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5594406,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04627812458303763,"score_gpt":0.2886729598500871,"score_spread":0.2423948352670495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}