{"id":"W2227155379","doi":"","title":"Economies of Scale in Fire and Police Services in Ontario","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","topic":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"TD Bank","keywords":"Economies of scale; Population; Scale (ratio); Business; Econometric model; Economics; Geography; Environmental health; Econometrics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007347752,0.0002004356,0.0005653818,0.001871447,0.003061722,0.003018566,0.0009522136,0.0006625114,0.009106857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0047709,0.000363454,0.0005347002,0.006235491,0.002443023,0.001403636,0.002728846,0.0007972672,0.0004079784],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.06970204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03300128,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9868053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9954199,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979067,0.0001990573,0.00007932049,0.0002175993,0.0005002902,0.001096944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959643,0.0004967806,0.0009030194,0.0001667136,0.0009454401,0.001523664],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006023431,0.0002368604,0.8149381,0.0002076035,0.0003488461,0.001846263,0.02077295,0.0112361,0.001148537,0.1038083,0.01646172,0.02839239],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004934002,0.00003345984,0.9619253,0.00006990736,0.00004472616,0.00008789001,0.01550563,0.0034529,0.0001184249,0.00361332,0.01505964,0.0000394777],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9656062,0.0007389778,0.0002686102,0.003571913,0.00001469012,0.00005033879,0.002796961,0.00001553383,0.02693672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949719,0.0002694968,0.00005965422,0.00005159443,0.000005507306,0.00001054,0.0003173018,0.00000720621,0.004306897],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06970204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5057261,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01869531974026303,"score_gpt":0.2509611872667119,"score_spread":0.2322658675264489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}