{"id":"W2231328989","doi":"","title":"Biofiltration in Drinking Water Treatment: Reduction of Membrane Fouling and Biodegradation of Organic Trace Contaminants","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilter; Fouling; Biodegradation; Contamination; Environmental chemistry; TRACE (psycholinguistics); Environmental science; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Water contamination; Biofouling; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Biology; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001481301,0.0001691643,0.0003485196,0.0002749715,0.00007222216,0.00000628329,0.0001605757,0.0003473962,0.0003484558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001243767,0.0001620283,0.00005465242,0.0002013183,0.0001871402,0.0004418945,0.0000346596,0.0001385928,0.00001001815],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009397468,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001565082,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01815641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09274394,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999087,0.0000412983,0.0002260942,0.0002992841,0.0002011757,0.0001451245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993522,0.00001757811,0.0003601772,0.0002143781,0.00003080697,0.00002482082],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001042467,0.00007069568,0.002484582,0.0001040622,0.00001800258,0.000001816635,0.03704834,0.0000557867,0.9553286,0.00001801755,0.000003902772,0.00476198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005915916,0.0001723945,0.01057808,0.00008871819,0.00007066471,0.000002778457,0.03688371,0.0002016475,0.9511662,0.00007309503,0.00002804656,0.000143144],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992432,0.00002980897,0.00001127517,0.0001303494,0.00008127322,0.0003219394,0.000007242827,0.00002514242,0.0001497564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9783033,0.0003164961,0.001005732,5.234315e-7,0.00000474323,6.307025e-7,0.0002405724,0.0000116946,0.0201163],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07458754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9883818,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009681424869624002,"score_gpt":0.2019279432635083,"score_spread":0.1922465183938843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}