{"id":"W2235001343","doi":"","title":"The Architecture of Federations: Constitutions, Bargaining, and Moral Hazard","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Local Government Finance and Decentralization","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Decentralization; Moral hazard; Corporate governance; Government (linguistics); Politics; Business; Local government; Public administration; Central government; Collective bargaining; Economics; Public economics; Microeconomics; Finance; Incentive; Market economy; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007314663,0.00004488942,0.00005792817,0.0000165762,0.001024802,0.00009136702,0.00008806621,0.00003435088,0.000004109304],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001053741,0.00003157294,0.00002715431,0.00009534374,0.0001897658,0.0001162886,0.000004137878,0.0003072733,0.000001003545],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001920526,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001117503,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003711297,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002141762,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989603,0.00006511823,0.0001286006,0.00005157238,0.0002167641,0.0005777123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997805,0.00003348601,0.0000663379,0.00004257003,0.00004190058,0.00003522065],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007162208,0.00000829602,0.001451546,2.12688e-7,0.000008925142,2.268994e-7,0.0004125205,0.00006527928,0.00002065693,0.9589988,0.0001888903,0.03883748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002225238,0.0001165422,0.001833757,0.0000102655,0.00001110838,0.00002137397,0.003399454,0.00005305496,0.00004329113,0.9734266,0.0208019,0.00006009285],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4126632,0.06320154,0.2637948,0.05304172,0.0008696072,0.0009699601,0.00001034527,0.0001580571,0.2052907],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9771504,0.02210169,0.00006796233,0.0001243717,0.00009989167,7.524395e-7,6.221384e-7,0.000001662799,0.0004526951],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5644872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7882054,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008775835140885032,"score_gpt":0.2646873719195967,"score_spread":0.2559115367787117,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}