{"id":"W2243346683","doi":"10.1177/0037549715590594","title":"Grand challenges for modeling and simulation: simulation everywhere—from cyberinfrastructure to clouds to citizens","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SIMULATION","topic":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Autodesk (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Cyberinfrastructure; Composability; Cloud computing; Key (lock); Grand Challenges; Democratization; Field (mathematics); Scale (ratio); Computer science; Big data; Modeling and simulation; Data science; Political science; Simulation; Computer security; Politics; Democracy; Distributed computing; Physics; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01113013,0.0007555737,0.000979815,0.001040293,0.003707686,0.01406781,0.002390036,0.005407236,0.006623203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0166622,0.000648827,0.0008947622,0.001418892,0.01109804,0.02059752,0.009227126,0.01213378,0.001682128],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004484389,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009349299,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005018511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004767008,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9922691,0.004574809,0.0002853939,0.0006616337,0.001677567,0.0005314997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9843088,0.009008441,0.0004878798,0.002555515,0.001533343,0.002105978],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004172578,0.00006492396,0.0015377,0.0003238878,0.00006264503,0.0001313195,0.001557953,0.01014143,0.0007020667,0.8954767,0.04370492,0.04625473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001140522,0.00003899517,0.0004339375,0.0004879705,0.00002031794,0.0001683839,0.002546726,0.01676079,0.0007114753,0.7485099,0.2302572,0.00005293484],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.01970701,0.02543033,0.1863532,0.7112697,0.004985176,0.00008494956,0.0002637131,0.0007890949,0.05111697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6758755,0.05180639,0.1996519,0.04397577,0.005904498,0.0003411496,0.0006425714,0.0008711951,0.02093104],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01406781,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05886245,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2791236210644798,"score_gpt":0.4251033359948821,"score_spread":0.1459797149304023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}