{"id":"W2243414250","doi":"","title":"In brief: Mother tongue:the economics of language learning","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"First language; Psychology; Economics; Linguistics; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009353131,0.0005163618,0.0006944149,0.001440194,0.001902843,0.006575868,0.0008155793,0.004497195,0.01663679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004927145,0.0002085275,0.0004678424,0.003213514,0.002071325,0.004528705,0.001212924,0.00453172,0.002154687],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005374044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004235791,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1445979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2089135,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996617,0.00008726956,0.00001221796,0.00004908795,0.00009452274,0.00009521986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966925,0.001957472,0.0002902786,0.00007553746,0.000562383,0.0004218533],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009705126,0.00005013746,0.01635881,0.0005993113,0.00008772903,0.0003307602,0.00154725,0.001350035,0.0002798716,0.3290185,0.5795572,0.07072338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003921326,0.00005405246,0.02752988,0.001263775,0.0001218401,0.0001905105,0.004082965,0.002416281,0.0006461873,0.2418214,0.721731,0.0001029227],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.02011789,0.1464097,0.004308502,0.748142,0.005487685,0.00002385984,0.002157986,0.0000690119,0.07328337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.39456,0.3117919,0.002473985,0.08152272,0.03209833,0.0000538282,0.001986876,0.0002226239,0.1752898],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1445979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2875124,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03426942944631835,"score_gpt":0.2970130989838772,"score_spread":0.2627436695375589,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}