{"id":"W2250168830","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094013","title":"The effectiveness of net negative carbon dioxide emissions in reversing anthropogenic climate change","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Letters","topic":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","field":"Energy","cited_by":137,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Environmental science; Climate change; Outgassing; Carbon dioxide; Reversing; Overshoot (microwave communication); Greenhouse gas; Carbon cycle; Atmospheric sciences; Carbon sink; Climatology; Ecosystem; Ecology; Chemistry; Materials science; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005198542,0.0001445324,0.0002046426,0.0001545048,0.0003153394,0.0000240552,0.0004012127,0.00008499214,0.00002524288],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001007195,0.0001112744,0.00007255492,0.0004519445,0.001328449,0.0001524963,0.0005129881,0.0005507171,0.0000195941],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001312708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004765412,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00729411,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004142561,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9941399,0.003327518,0.0002347687,0.0003475262,0.001018165,0.0009321221],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976043,0.001647082,0.00003780427,0.0004449915,0.00002647077,0.000239319],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01126727,0.001503362,0.4989926,0.0004987553,0.0002466345,0.0008857658,0.007770301,0.01510144,0.3964471,0.01448809,0.0002454322,0.0525533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00601211,0.001170286,0.7787356,0.0006079217,0.00002234359,0.00002338341,0.0289794,0.002575826,0.1542644,0.0160422,0.01074287,0.0008237526],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942589,0.0005290361,0.000002028319,0.001571513,0.00007078482,0.0005148785,0.000008786927,0.00001174163,0.003032362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993597,0.0003185077,0.00002105232,0.0000421153,0.00004815969,0.0001244166,0.000009727234,0.00002126325,0.00005507007],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.279743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993164,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03978914814772085,"score_gpt":0.3268435164170809,"score_spread":0.2870543682693601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}