{"id":"W2254477439","doi":"","title":"Executive Compensation and Tax Policy: Lessons for Canada from the Experience of the United States in the 1990s","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","topic":"Corporate Taxation and Avoidance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Executive compensation; Internal revenue; Compensation (psychology); Revenue; Business; Corporate tax; Public economics; Tax revenue; Tax policy; Accounting; Tax avoidance; Economics; Tax reform; Market economy; Marketing","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001076644,0.00005133079,0.00007163624,0.00001543191,0.0001945247,0.00001651381,0.0002007363,0.00001471664,0.0001387157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006255475,0.00003492406,0.0000188287,0.0001607499,0.00009835556,0.0002253228,0.0000423185,0.00003285333,2.148746e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005587121,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006380862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9904228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.98663,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996626,0.00002954835,0.00004740535,0.00007849985,0.0001075868,0.00007439572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994747,0.0001141851,0.0002056469,0.0001280221,0.00007335597,0.000004113459],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003233046,0.0001894771,0.1601912,0.0001425774,0.00009940798,0.000005084947,0.1913054,0.001528475,0.002156751,0.6020694,0.03349685,0.00849213],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004550961,0.000004233733,0.7441275,0.00002543977,0.00001718598,1.253174e-7,0.2069674,0.002585925,0.00005087758,0.0005437323,0.04515277,0.00006976743],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9804112,0.00005246502,0.0002313145,0.01489908,0.00004148196,0.0002157425,0.00002000547,0.0000039364,0.004124797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989878,0.00002372064,0.00004980967,0.0006083083,0.0000172298,5.365442e-7,0.00001279568,0.000002200891,0.0002975877],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6015257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.151884,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02262664596120788,"score_gpt":0.2275406000953362,"score_spread":0.2049139541341283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}