{"id":"W2262017500","doi":"10.22004/ag.econ.204255","title":"The Effects of R&D on Agricultural Productivity of Australian Broadacre Agriculture: A Semiparametric Smooth Coefficient Approach","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA)","topic":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Aston University; University of Queensland; Monash University; Binghamton University; McMaster University","keywords":"Agriculture; Production (economics); Productivity; Economics; Econometrics; Parametric statistics; Total factor productivity; Nonparametric statistics; Function (biology); Mathematics; Geography; Statistics; Microeconomics; Macroeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004849974,0.0002445244,0.0006939543,0.0006351803,0.0003559813,0.00006609929,0.001861122,0.0001590529,0.00004480596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004130629,0.0001552189,0.0003809208,0.005438815,0.001069329,0.0003418878,0.0003669296,0.0003663479,0.0001053382],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001303934,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001850843,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001032238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004598708,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9941727,0.001016476,0.0005015514,0.0007423664,0.003083299,0.0004836005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936558,0.002597518,0.0007230027,0.001081356,0.001672139,0.0002701836],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002296333,0.01272404,0.06319091,0.001170059,0.001490727,0.0001350835,0.06680518,0.06350765,0.1947415,0.008888691,0.5047449,0.08030493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005127749,0.003608212,0.7818829,0.0003488889,0.0006087833,0.00005558144,0.08002626,0.004223281,0.05917069,0.0006339328,0.06287966,0.001434063],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945629,0.0001878232,0.0006760822,0.0008648545,0.0001698118,0.0005314694,0.00003115077,0.00001647317,0.00295949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9854186,0.00002691285,0.001009087,0.000007880759,0.00002906236,7.269873e-7,0.00001195366,0.000006703214,0.0134891],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.718692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6329643,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0822296904608945,"score_gpt":0.310799810861751,"score_spread":0.2285701204008564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}