{"id":"W2262193628","doi":"","title":"The Changed Face of Corporate Criminal Liability","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Regulation and Compliance Studies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; York University","funders":"","keywords":"Corporation; Limited liability partnership; Corporate liability; Liability; Business; Corporate law; Limited liability; Corporate title; Corporate governance; Law; Law and economics; Strict liability; Accounting; Political science; Economics; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02091793,0.000460309,0.001013645,0.002936935,0.01536573,0.02676222,0.003049111,0.02977808,0.008942188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05398959,0.0007093012,0.0008988163,0.002096366,0.05004444,0.02509923,0.0107053,0.04342523,0.001742824],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01925817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01258159,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01602876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01651441,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9602789,0.01051792,0.001605494,0.00623095,0.0172492,0.00411748],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9667659,0.0151012,0.001830311,0.002666776,0.007976323,0.0056595],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001297051,0.00001893759,0.000285554,0.00002731714,0.000004068974,0.0001791735,0.00140663,0.0001259328,0.00006950123,0.9264176,0.05493509,0.01651734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002047144,0.00003437816,0.0009093569,0.000350575,0.000005949274,0.000562487,0.002170293,0.000401835,0.0001382812,0.4349176,0.5604254,0.00006340925],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.007646788,0.01468591,0.003692791,0.8326334,0.006034694,0.00001930811,0.00006324833,0.00006123314,0.1351625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4086774,0.01644834,0.006219122,0.4907739,0.02377463,0.0001304028,0.0001525908,0.0002485695,0.05357515],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02977808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1397285,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04723461890194029,"score_gpt":0.2361804804159996,"score_spread":0.1889458615140593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}