{"id":"W2268727492","doi":"","title":"Foresight in Hindsight: An Insight into Ahmed v. Stefaniu and De-Biasing Legal Evaluations of Reasonable Care","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Hindsight bias; Jury; Appeal; Verdict; Psychology; Law; Damages; Herding; Political science; Social psychology; History","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003795653,0.0001499286,0.0003400215,0.0002094672,0.0008194818,0.00001200716,0.0001963153,0.0002306304,0.0001925101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001628738,0.0001247773,0.00005303178,0.0002831475,0.0001254922,0.0006614859,0.00005177366,0.003250478,0.00001010757],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001267352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008527207,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002864487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02092523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956454,0.001371304,0.0006657313,0.0002307558,0.0004482906,0.001638505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983219,0.000579625,0.0003073077,0.0002327032,0.0003117812,0.0002466672],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007841575,0.0005929592,0.5645044,0.0005206579,0.0001672284,0.00007393597,0.2389199,0.00006216612,0.002250875,0.1561603,0.0005105548,0.03545287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01005795,0.003565658,0.323363,0.001400662,0.0003407898,0.0009790827,0.3493984,0.001416571,0.0008343006,0.2289918,0.07867076,0.0009811242],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9865816,0.006334136,0.0006829423,0.003103775,0.0001374308,0.0003802908,0.000001545821,0.00002060552,0.002757673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947428,0.003331036,0.0005883437,0.0002120426,0.0003143816,0.00002378685,0.000009082913,0.00002203306,0.0007565439],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2411414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990491,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04150337469354494,"score_gpt":0.4112780601521331,"score_spread":0.3697746854585882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}