{"id":"W2270106044","doi":"10.1016/j.concog.2016.01.004","title":"Vision, knowledge, and assertion","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Consciousness and Cognition","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation","keywords":"Assertion; Attribution; Psychology; Perception; Object (grammar); Social psychology; Norm (philosophy); Epistemology; Cognition; Cognitive psychology; Philosophy; Linguistics; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001723003,0.0000903664,0.0001214168,0.00004742361,0.0003025279,0.00007728213,0.00002772192,0.00005595195,0.0001514741],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003998098,0.00005990985,0.00002359359,0.00001371772,0.0005542199,0.0002257126,0.00002429649,0.00005493293,0.00005299189],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005344285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001793441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001576576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005772739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999472,0.00005528606,0.0001239976,0.0001789002,0.00005420793,0.0001155739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994698,0.0001553963,0.00004938734,0.00007099199,0.00020157,0.00005283597],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004232508,0.0001266325,0.001237318,0.0001302685,0.0000423447,0.000003386508,0.009482377,8.98441e-9,0.004108354,0.6520766,0.002411764,0.3303386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003152743,0.0005110577,0.01531385,0.000721658,0.0002839062,0.00003334286,0.005795225,0.00004943803,0.002652356,0.5133138,0.4573946,0.0007780514],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9109077,0.002340335,0.0008698994,0.002257888,0.000972323,0.0002108502,0.00004204829,0.000122619,0.08227627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954502,0.0004541144,0.00001102257,0.0002075623,0.0002977812,0.00001770728,0.000008838569,0.000009044125,0.003543724],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4549828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2443053,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03143768338098744,"score_gpt":0.273276097752443,"score_spread":0.2418384143714556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}