{"id":"W2271063323","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2014.04.001","title":"Sand, rarer than one thinks","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Development","topic":"Soil erosion and sediment transport","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":370,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Denudation; Vegetation (pathology); Fluvial; Weathering; Geology; Alluvium; Mining engineering; Legislation; Erosion; Geochemistry; Geomorphology; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009935697,0.0007241019,0.0006554552,0.001189588,0.002240549,0.00567094,0.0008536412,0.00235767,0.01888275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00319353,0.0002682707,0.0002702941,0.0009659818,0.008386316,0.008032116,0.001707352,0.002691997,0.007288546],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001464463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001485698,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008715833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01488419,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989962,0.0001571195,0.00007298752,0.0002994355,0.0003832115,0.00009104145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985958,0.0003238552,0.0002800863,0.0002058099,0.0003719346,0.000222571],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002375826,0.00006134193,0.01125023,0.001416534,0.00008973137,0.000918901,0.005618152,0.0003473415,0.003309178,0.2847019,0.4233416,0.2687075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007525932,0.00002824574,0.001969695,0.0004845662,0.00001827601,0.0007695068,0.003161798,0.00003585371,0.0003367545,0.02559647,0.9675704,0.00002088757],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03968567,0.1219199,0.009941396,0.3344811,0.03517898,0.00005025973,0.001809502,0.00088025,0.456053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4118452,0.1247296,0.007789865,0.1200304,0.01809835,0.00004717196,0.001354417,0.0003569926,0.3157481],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01888275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06316912,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01137333257834151,"score_gpt":0.1543414828019527,"score_spread":0.1429681502236112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}